How can Congress influence foreign affairs?

Congress influences foreign affairs primarily through its constitutional powers, which include regulating commerce, ratifying treaties, and declaring war.

By regulating commerce, Congress can establish trade laws and policies that impact international economic relations, making it a significant player in how the U.S. interacts with other nations economically. The power to ratify treaties means that Congress has a crucial role in formal agreements with foreign nations, which is fundamental in shaping U.S. foreign policy. Furthermore, the authority to declare war gives Congress a decisive say in military engagements with other countries, thereby directly influencing how the U.S. engages in conflicts or military operations abroad.

These mechanisms collectively enable Congress to significantly affect the direction and nature of U.S. foreign relations, demonstrating its essential role in the legislative process concerning international affairs.